• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A nmlti—beam fishing sonar system with combined transceiving' channels of dual transducer array elements includes a signal processing unit, a transceiver unit and a transducer array. The transducer array includes M rows and N columns of elements, where M and N are natural numbers, and M is an even number; the transceiver unit includes M/2 rows and. N columns of transceiving' channels; every two adjacent array elements in each column are connected with one transceiving channel; and the transceiving channels are connected with the signal processing unit. According to the present invention, only half underwater acoustic transceiving channels are required, and the signal processing calculation amount is reduced by half, greatly reducing the complexity of the system.
    公开号:NL2026203A
    申请号:NL2026203
    申请日:2020-08-03
    公开日:2021-08-31
    发明作者:Chen Jun；Li Guodong；Wei Ke
    申请人:Fishery Machinery & Instrument Res Inst Cafs；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    MULTI-BEAM FISHING SONAR SYSTEM WITH COMBINED TRANSCEIVINGCHANNELS OF DUAL TRANSDUCER ARRAY ELEMENTS
    TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to the field of multi-beam fishing sonar systems used in the marine fishery industry, in particular to a multi-beam fishing sonar system with combined transceiving channels of dual transducer array elements.
    BACKGROUND As one of the most widely and typically used auxiliary fishing instruments in the marine fishery industry, a fishing sonar (fish finder) is the main tool for detecting the positions, sizes and movement of marine fish groups by using an underwater acoustic method. A variety of types of fish finders are available, including a vertical single- beam fish finder, a horizontal fish finder, a vertical double-frequency fish finder, a split beam fish finder, a multi-beam fishing sonar and the like, where the multi-beam fishing sonar can be used to obtain a longer space detection distance and a higher angular resolution capability, thereby greatly boosting the efficiency of trawling and purse seine fishing for the distant-water fishery sector. However, due to the adoption of multi-beam technology, multi-beam fishing sonar has high implementation complexity, huge system, and high price, which restrains larger-scale use A traditional multi-beam fishing sonar adopts a multi- element plane array in which array elements are distributed on the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of an array, respectively. One typical example is an 8*8 array, namely 8 columns of elements in the vertical direction and 8 rows in the horizontal direction, where each element is independently connected with one receiver/transmitter and then connected with a signal processor. Different-
    directivity transmitting or receiving beams are generated through signal processing, so that detection in different directions of a water area is realized. The number of the receiving/transmitting channels of the system equals the number of array elements. An arithmetic processing capability corresponding to the number of the array elements is required for signal processing. The system has huge complexity and high hardware cost, as well as the requirements for the signal processor.
    As shown in FIG. 1, a conventional omni-directional digital multi-beam shoal detection system is composed of a transducer array, a receiver, a transmitter, a transmitting/receiving converter, a signal processing host, a display, a keyboard and the like, where the display and the keyboard (containing a mouse) are used with the signal processing host to finish displaying a sonar detection image, inputting set parameters, controlling, and the like. The fishing sonar transducer array has N vertical columns and M horizontal rows, where (N*M) elements correspond to (N*M) receiving channels and transmitting channels. The multi- beam fishing sonar is used for detecting shoals in different directions by transmitting a plurality of beams of acoustic signals and then receiving a plurality of underwater acoustic echo signals in different directions through beam forming. The conversion of the transceiving processes is controlled by a signal processing host. In the transmitting process, driving signals of beams corresponding to a plurality of channels are generated by the signal processing host according to the set parameters; different beam directions of sound waves in water are realized through certain phase differences of the channel driving signals; and electric signals are sent to corresponding transducer elements through the transmitter and are converted to underwater acoustic signals independently by the elements.
    In the receiving process, the elements in the transducer array independently convert the underwater acoustic signals into the electric signals; analog signals are subjected to filtering, amplifying, down conversion, analog-digital conversion and the like by receivers corresponding to different transducers and are sent to the signal processing host; and phases of all channel signals are shifted by the signal processing host according to the set parameters to obtain beams in different directions.
    SUMMARY To overcome the defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-beam fishing sonar system with combined transceiving channels of dual transducer array elements. According to the present invention, only half underwater acoustic transceiving channels are required, and the signal calculation processing amount is reduced by half, greatly reducing the complexity of the system.
    In order to achieve the above purposes, the present invention provides a multi-beam fishing sonar system with combined transceiving channels of dual transducer array elements, including a signal processing unit, a transceiver unit and a transducer array; the transducer array includes M rows and N columns of elements, where M and N are natural numbers, and M is an even number; the transceiver unit includes M/2 rows and N columns of transceiving channels; every two adjacent elements in each column are connected with one transceiving channel; and the transceiving channels are connected with the signal processing unit.
    Preferably, each transceiving channel includes a receiver, a transmitter, a transmitting/receiving converter, a combiner, and a phase shifter; the receiver and the transmitter are each in communication connection with the signal processing unit; the transmitting/receiving converter is in communication connection with the receiver, the transmitter and the signal processing unit; the combiner is connected with the transmitting/receiving converter and an array element corresponding to the current transceiving channel; and the phase shifter is connected with the combiner and the other element corresponding to the current transceiving channel.
    Preferably, the phase shifter includes an LC delay circuit.
    Preferably, the LC delay circuit includes a first resistor; a capacitor, a first end thereof being connected to the first resistor; a second resistor, a first end thereof being connected with a second end of the capacitor and a second end thereof being grounded; an inductor, a first end thereof being connected to the first end of the second resistor; and a third resistor, a first end thereof being connected to a second end of the inductor.
    Preferably, the signal processing unit includes a signal processing host, a display and an input device; the display and the input device are connected with the signal processing host; and the transceiving channels are connected with the signal processing host.
    By means of the foregoing technical solution, the present invention has the following advantageous effects: After being subjected to fixed phase shifting according to a preset tilt angle through the cooperation of the phase shifter and the combiner, two transducer array elements are combined for signal receiving and transmission. Only half underwater acoustic transceiving channels are required, and the signal calculation processing amount is reduced by half, greatly reducing the complexity of the system
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional omni-directional digital multi-beam shoal detection system; FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-beam fishing sonar system with combined transceiving channels of dual transducer array elements according to an embodiment of the present invention;
    FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of an LC delay circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is an equivalent diagram of odd rows of a multi- beam fishing sonar system with combined transceiving 5 channels of dual transducer array elements according to the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 5 is an equivalent diagram of even rows of a multi- beam fishing sonar system with combined transceiving channels of dual transducer array elements according to the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 6 is an equivalent diagram of the j-th column of a multi-beam fishing sonar system with combined transceiving channels of dual transducer array elements according to the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 7 is a comparison diagram of beam-directivity waveforms of the present invention and a conventional fishing sonar system when the total beam tilt angle is 0°; FIG. 8 is a comparison diagram of beam-directivity waveforms of the present invention and the conventional fishing sonar system when the total beam tilt angle is -10°; FIG. 9 is a comparison diagram of beam-directivity waveforms of the present invention and the conventional fishing sonar system when the total beam tilt angle is -30°; FIG. 10 is a comparison diagram of beam-directivity waveforms of the present invention and the conventional fishing sonar system when the total beam tilt angle is -45°.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to FIGs. 2- 10, and are described in detail to make the functions and features of the present invention better understood.
    As shown in FIG. 2, according to the embodiment of the present invention, a multi-beam fishing sonar system with combined transceiving channels of dual transducer array elements includes a signal processing unit 1, a transceiver unit 2 and a transducer array 3; the transducer array 3 includes M rows and N columns of elements 31, where M and N are natural numbers, and M is an even number; the transceiver unit 2 includes M/2 rows and N columns of transceiving channels 21; every two adjacent elements 31 in each column are connected with one transceiving channel 21; and the transceiving channels 21 are connected with the signal processing unit 1.
    Fach transceiving channel 21 includes a receiver 211, a transmitter 212, a transmitting/receiving converter 213, a combiner 214, and a phase shifter 215; the receiver 211 and the transmitter 212 are each in communication connection with the signal processing unit 1; the transmitting/receiving converter 213 is in communication connection with the receiver 211, the transmitter 212 and the signal processing unit 1; the combiner 214 is connected with the transmitting/receiving converter 213 and an array element 31 corresponding to the current transceiving channel 21; and the phase shifter 215 is connected with the combiner 214 and the other array element 31 corresponding to the current transceiving channel 21.
    The signal processing unit 1 includes a signal processing host 11, a display 12 and an input device 13; the display 12 and the input device 13 are connected with the signal processing host 11; and the transceiving channel 21 is connected with the signal processing host 11. A keyboard can be used as the input device 13.
    The signal processing host 11, the display 12 and the input device 13 are used in a matched mode to finish displaying a sonar detection image, inputting set parameters and controlling and the like.
    In this embodiment, the phase shifter 215 includes an LC delay circuit.
    As shown in FIG. 3, the LC delay circuit includes a first resistor RO, a capacitor C, a second resistor RL, an inductor L and a third resistor Rl; a first end of the capacitor C is connected with the first resistor RO; a first end of the second resistor RL is connected with a second end of the capacitor C; a second end of the second resistor RL is grounded; a first end of the inductor L is connected with the first end of the second resistor RL; and a first end of the third resistor R1 is connected with a second end of the inductor L.
    As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, according to the multi- beam fishing sonar system with combined transceiving channels of dual transducer array elements, the transducer array 3 1s composed of N columns and M (where M is an even number) rows of array elements 31. Every two adjacent array elements 31 on each column correspond to one transceiving channel 21, and therefore N*M/2 transceiving channels 21 are shared by N*M array elements 31. The multi-beam fishing sonar is used for detecting shoals in different directions by transmitting a plurality of beams of acoustic signals and then receiving a plurality of underwater acoustic echo signals in different directions through beam forming. The conversion of the transceiving processes is controlled by a signal processing host 11.
    According to the multi-beam fishing sonar system with combined transceiving channels of dual transducer array elements, in the transmitting process, driving signals of beams corresponding to a plurality of channels are generated by the signal processing host 11 according to set parameters; certain phase differences exist between the driving signals of the channels to realize adjustable-directionality transmitting beam forming in different directions; the electric signals are sent by the transmitter 212 to the corresponding two elements 31; based on the condition that the tilt angle generally ranges between -5° and -10° in the fishing sonar sweeping process, a phase shifter 215 is added to one element 31 for phase shifting; an LC delay circuit is commonly used as a phase shifting circuit; the phase shifter 215 is a passive phase shifter with simple principle and easy operation; however, the phase shifting value cannot be changed when the fishing sonar system is used, namely, the beams have this fixed tilt angle, which means that the double elements 31 are subjected Lo transmitting beam forming in the fixed vertical direction, and finally, the electric signals are converted to underwater acoustic signals by the elements 31. The total transmitting beam directivity is the result of the two-stage beamforming process of NxM/2 channel adjustable beamforming and dual- element 31 fixed beamforming.
    In the receiving process, each element 31 in the transducer array 3 independently converts the underwater acoustic signal into an electric signal, and a fixed angle of receive beam is generated by the phase shifter 215 prior to dual-channel combining.
    After being subjected to filtering, amplifying, down conversion, analog-digital conversion and the like by receivers 211 corresponding to the elements 31, analog signals are sent into the signal processing host 11, and signals of the channels are phase- shifted in the signal processing host 11 according to set parameters to obtain adjustable beams in different directions.
    The total directivity of receiving beams is the result of the two-stage beamforming process of NxM/2 channel adjustable beamforming and dual-element 31 fixed beamforming.
    The total transmitting or receiving beam directivity is realized by the forming processes of the two stages of beams, where one stage of beams are adjustable beams.
    Therefore, the horizontal directivity and vertical directivity of the total transmitting or receiving beams are adjustable.
    According to the planar array beam forming principle, the horizontal directivity of the total transmitting or receiving beams is equivalent to the multiplying of the horizontal directivity and the vertical directivity which are independently obtained, that is, the total directivity is: DCO) = DLO DL) where theta and phi represent the equivalent included angle of the vertical plane of the underwater acoustic signal and the equivalent included angle of the horizontal plane of the underwater acoustic signal, Dy represents the directivity of a column of transducer elements, and Dy represents the directivity of a row of transducer elements.
    As shown in FIGs. 2-6, if the i-th row from the horizontal direction is an odd row, the equivalent transceiving system shown in FIG. 4 is consistent with a traditional single- element-to-single-channel fishing sonar system.
    When the i- th row is an even row, the equivalent transceiving system is shown in FIG. 5, each channel has an extra same phase shifter 215 compared with a traditional fishing sonar system, and it can be learned from the beam forming principle that the directivity of beam forming is not affected by simultaneously carrying out the same phase shifting of all the channels.
    In summary, the horizontal beam directivity is unchanged in terms of both odd rows and even rows in the horizontal direction.
    In the vertical direction, the equivalent transceiving system corresponding to the j-th column is shown in FIG. 6. It turns out that great difference exists compared with a traditional single-element-to-single-channel fishing sonar system, and the number of channels is reduced.
    The forming of vertical beams is equivalent to two-time beam forming, namely, DCO = D,(6,)0, (6) Dv represents the fixed-angle beam forming of double- elements per channel, theta 0 represents the fixed angle and usually ranges from -5° to -10°, and Dy; represents the adjustable beam forming of M/2 channels.
    The embodiment of the invention provides a multi-beam fishing sonar system with combined transceiving channels of dual transducer array elements.
    The detection performance of the overall system depends on the two-time beam forming processes in the vertical direction.
    Simulation is carried out to compare the difference in beam directivity between the fishing sonar and a traditional fishing sonar, where the tilt angle is set as -10°, the number of vertical element is 8, and the element spacing equals 0.5*wavelength; as shown in FIG. 7, when the total beam tilt angle is 0° (namely,
    horizontal direction), there is no big difference in vertical beam directivity between the fishing sonar and the traditional fishing sonar; as shown in FIG. 8, when the total beam tilt angle is -10°, the vertical beam directivity pattern of the fishing sonar completely overlaps with that of the traditional fishing sonar without performance loss; as shown in FIG. 9, when the total beam tilt angle is -30°, the vertical beam directivity of the fishing sonar is reduced by 10% or so when compared with that of the traditional fishing sonar, which is acceptable; and as shown in FIG. 10, when the total beam tilt angle is -45°, the vertical beam directivity of the fishing sonar is reduced by 30% or so when compared with that of the traditional fishing sonar, and large side lobes occur. At this time, the performance is seriously degraded. In conclusion, the total vertical directivity is equivalent to that of the traditional fishing sonar when it is at a fixed tilt angle, the performance gradually gets worse as the total tilt angle and the fixed tilt angle increase but does not get worse obviously if the angle difference is smaller than 20°.
    Usually, the multi-beam fishing sonar is used by trawl and purse seine fishing boats for shoal detection in the fishing process or sweeping in the sailing process of the fishing boats. The multi-beam fishing sonar 1s generally used under fixed tilt angles or angles close to the fixed tilt angles but rarely works under large tilt angles. Therefore, the advantages of reduced system complexity and cost far outweigh the disadvantage of worsening performance in non-common scenarios.
    The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings and embodiments. Ordinary technicians in this field can change the present invention based on the descriptions mentioned above. Therefore, the present invention should not be confined by certain details of the embodiments. The present invention will be protected within the scope defined in the claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1]
    A multi-beam vis sonar system, having combined transceiver channels of dual converter array elements, comprising a signal processing unit, a transceiver unit and a converter array; wherein the converter array comprises M rows and N columns of elements, where M and N are natural numbers, and where M is an even number; wherein the transceiver unit comprises M/2 rows and N columns of transceiver channels; wherein every two adjacent elements in each column are connected to one transceiver channel; and wherein the transceiver channels are connected to the signal processing unit.
    [2]
    The multi-beam vissonar system, having combined transceiver channels of dual converter array elements, according to claim 1, wherein each transceiver channel comprises a receiver, a transmitter, a transceiver converter, a combiner, and a phase shifter; wherein the receiver and the transmitter are each in communication link with the signal processing unit; wherein the transmit/receive converter is in communication link with the receiver, the transmitter and the signal processing unit; wherein the combiner is connected to the transceiver converter and an array element corresponding to the current transceiver channel; and wherein the phase shifter is connected to the and the other element corresponding to the current transceiver channel.
    [3]
    The multi-beam vis sonar system, with combined transceiver channels of dual-converter array elements, according to claim 2, wherein the phase shifter comprises an LC delay circuit.
    [4]
    The multi-beam vis sonar system, having combined transceiver channels of dual-converter array elements, according to claim 3, wherein the LC delay circuit comprises a first resistor; a capacitor, a first end of which is connected to the first resistor; a second resistor, a first end of which is connected to a second end of the capacitor and of which a second end is grounded; an inductor, a first end of which is connected to the first end of the second resistor; and a third resistor, a first end of which is connected to a second end of the inductor.
    [5]
    The multi-beam vissonar system, having combined transceiver channels of dual-converter array elements, according to claim 4, wherein the signal processing unit comprises a signal processing host, a display and an input device; wherein the display and the input device are connected to the signal processing host; and wherein the transceiver channels are connected to the signal processing host. -0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-
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    引用文献:
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    WO1998015846A1|1996-10-07|1998-04-16|Rowe-Deines Instruments, Incorporated|Two-dimensional array transducer and beamformer|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CN202010042661.6A|CN111060915A|2020-01-15|2020-01-15|Multi-beam sonar system for fishing with double-transducer array combined for receiving and transmitting|
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